Electrical-resistance alloy



' Io Drawing.

Patented May 5, 1931 UNITED STATES Tm OFFICE WILBUR B. DRIVER, OF EASTBRASNGE, AND STANLEY R. KEI'JFHfOIBfHOTNCI'GLAIR, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO GILBY WIRECOHPANY, OF nn'wanmnnw JERSEY, A (133' PORAIION OF 'NEW JERSEY Enncrarcannnsrsrmcls ALno z This invention relates to an alloy forelectrical resistance uses.

For a' long time the accepted alloy forresistance wires has been made from nickelchromium. These two elements have given the highest electrical resistance forpractical purposes when considered with their other properties. A resistance alloy must be capa ble of-bein worked, it cannot be brittle and must stan shocks and jars when in used. Iron is generally present in such alloys either as an impurity or because it is added 'to increase the workability of the alloy. Apure nickel-chromium wire has about 650 ohms C M F resistance. We have found that vide alloys of higher electrical resistance than nickel, chromium iron alloys that will have the proper properties to permit of workability, ductility and other properties to ermit of use as resistance wire, strips, rib on, sheet, castings, etc. A further object of this invention is to provide a series of alloys of the same elements having different electrical resistances of less than and greater than nickel-chromium-iron alloy.

If the alloy of nickel-chromium-iron is considered as a base and alloyed with manganese we have found that manganese up to 5% had practically no effect on the resistance but that rom 10% on up the effect was positive and increased the resistance. Alloys much over 40 o manganese proved brittle. V

' he following alloys have the following resistances:

N17 M 7 F lii l l v r n e 0 ma CM! 30 20 1o Balance. 035 80 10 20 Balance. 650 70 10 10 Balance. 650 60 15 5 Balance. 675 60 15 Balance. ,710 60 Balance. 785 15 30 Balance. 845 25 15 Balance. 795 15 15 Balance. Brittle.

Application-filed July 3, 1980. sem N0. 465,843.

' If the alloy ofnickel-chromium iron is alxloyedwith vanadium we have found that vanadium alsoraises the resistance but unlike manganese its effect is great when but small '-amounts .of vanadium are used as vanadium These alloys form satisfactory alloys with increased resistances. It was found that manganese is equal to chromium in combination with nickel with respect to resistance while one art of the chromium is equal to two parts 0 manganese with" respect to the hardenin effect on the alloys workability. We furt er found that much in excess of 10% is toohard for'workability. 7

The followmgalloys have-the following resistances; a

v Resistance Nl% Cr% Va% Fe lnolnna C M F 10 20 2% Balance. 500 10 10 3% Balance. 650 30 l5 2% Balance 576 =40 l0 2% Balance. 615 so 10 1 Balance. 0.50 15 2% Balance. 744 5 2% Balance 67 15 6 Balance. 790 67 l5 l0 Balance. 810 32 15 20 Balance. Toohard.

when the ratio of nickel to chromium is less than 3: 1 it is not workable.

We found that an alloy havingthe base of nickel, chromium and iron if alloyed with vanadium and manganese that resistances may be increased to almost double the resistance of the base and greater than with the use of either metal alone with the base.

For instance, the following alloys have the following resistances:

Resistance N1 Or% Mn Va Fe ohms 35 15 30 256 Balance 932 B6 15 20 2% Balance 870 46 15 30 2% Balance 934 52 2o 20 2% Balance 840 43 10 40 236 Balance 1007 50 5 40 2% Balance 1M0 48 10 30 5 Balance 1073 53 5 30 5 Balance 1000 38 10 40 5 Balance 1070 40 10 10 2% Balance 665 40 10 20 2% Balance 760 40 10 5 From these alloys it can be seen that the alloys high in nickel and manganese show the greatest resistances.

When the ratio of nickel to chromium is 5 less than three to one the alloy was too hard for workability, for instance:

35%Nl 15% Cr 40% Mn 255% Va balanceFe regllsltha'neMgm as 5528: a: 56 &2 532222;: a es;

10 It will thus be seen that we have invented a series of resistance alloys whereby the base of nickel, chromium andiron is increased from 650 ohms to 1000 ohms by the addition of two elements which of themselves singly do not materially increase the resistance but which in combination with the base do increase the resistances and which will have the roper properties for workability and use or the purposes of electrical mesistance material. a

I i What we claim is:

1. An electrical resistance alloy, comprising vanadium 2.5%, manganese 40%, nickel 35%, chromium 15%, iron 7.5%.

2. An electrical resistance alloy comprising vanadium between 2% and 5%, manganese between 5% and 40%, nickel between 35% and 50%, chromium between 5% and 20%, and the balance iron.

Signed at Newark in the county of Essex and State of New jersey, this 11th day of June, A. D. 1930.

WILBUR B. DRIVER. STANLEY R. KEITH. 

